Correct Answer: bruner.
the discovery learning theory is attributed to jerome bruner, a pivotal figure in educational psychology. this theory, which emerged in the mid-20th century, emphasizes that students learn best through a process of exploration and discovery. bruner posited that learners construct their knowledge by interacting with the world around them, which aligns with the broader constructivist approach to education.
in essence, discovery learning encourages educators to design learning environments that involve active methods such as problem-solving and experimentation instead of passive learning through listening to lectures or rote memorization. this mode of learning is designed to use the learner's natural curiosity as a driving force, enabling deeper understanding and retention of knowledge.
there are several advantages to the discovery learning theory. firstly, it fosters active engagement, requiring learners to interact with materials, which can lead to improved problem-solving skills and self-reliance in learning. secondly, it enhances motivation as learners often find it more fulfilling to discover information by themselves rather than being told. lastly, it provides a tailored learning experience since each learner can explore paths based on their interests and pace, potentially leading to more personalized learning outcomes.
however, despite these benefits, discovery learning also faces certain criticisms and challenges. one major disadvantage is the risk of cognitive overload, where learners might become overwhelmed by the complexity and breadth of exploration without adequate guidance. misconceptions can easily arise if learners infer incorrect conclusions during their discovery processes. moreover, teachers might not always detect these misconceptions, as the independent nature of discovery learning can make it harder to monitor each learner's understanding and progress effectively.
overall, while jerome bruner's discovery learning theory has significantly influenced educational practices promoting more interactive and student-centered learning, it also necessitates careful implementation and ongoing support from educators to address its potential drawbacks. this balance ensures that the benefits of discovery-based learning can be realized while minimizing the risks of misunderstanding and learner frustration.
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