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EMT i85 (NREMT-I85) Practice Tests & Test Prep by Exam Edge - Topics


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Understanding what is on the EMT i85 exam is crucial step in preparing for the exam. You will need to have an understanding of the testing domain (topics covered) to be sure you are studing the correct information.

  • Directs your study efforts toward the most relevant areas.
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  • Increases the likelihood of success.
  • Keeps you informed about your field's current demands and standards.
There is no doubt that this is a strategic step in achieving certification and advancing your career.

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EMT Intermediate 85 Exam Blueprint

Understanding the exact breakdown of the EMT Intermediate 85 test will help you know what to expect and how to most effectively prepare. The EMT Intermediate 85 has multiple-choice questions The exam will be broken down into the sections below:

EMT Intermediate 85 Exam Blueprint
Domain Name % Number of
Questions
Airway, Respiration & Ventilation 17-21% 19
Cardiology & Resuscitation 17-21% 19
Trauma 18-22% 20
Medical/Obstetrics/Gyn 26-30% 29
EMS Ops 12-16% 13

EMT Intermediate 85 - Exam Topics Sample Questions

Which of the following statements about oropharyngeal airways (oral airways) is least accurate?

Correct Answer:
oral airways are contraindicated in patients who are unconscious.


the statement "oral airways are contraindicated in patients who are unconscious" is indeed the least accurate. in medical practice, oral airways are specifically used for patients who are unconscious or semiconscious and do not have an active gag reflex. the primary function of an oral airway is to keep the airway open by preventing the tongue from falling back and obstructing the upper airway, which is a common issue in unconscious patients.

the two main types of oral airways mentioned, the guedel airway and the berman airway, are designed with this purpose in mind. the guedel airway features a rigid plastic tube with a flange at one end and a curved, hollow body that fits over the tongue, while the berman airway has a similar design but includes lateral channels that allow for the passage of air and suction catheters even if the airway becomes partially occluded.

these devices are crucial in emergency settings and during anesthesia, where maintaining a clear airway is essential for patient safety. they are typically used until more definitive airway management (such as intubation) can be established or until the patient regains sufficient consciousness to maintain their own airway safely. additionally, these airways protect intubated patients from biting down on and potentially damaging an endotracheal tube.

oral airways are available in various sizes to accommodate different age groups and anatomical variations, ensuring that they can be used effectively in a broad range of patients from children to adults. proper sizing and correct insertion are critical to maximize the effectiveness of oral airways and minimize potential complications, such as trauma to the oral mucosa or the oropharynx.

in summary, oral airways are not only indicated but are actually essential for managing the airways of unconscious patients without a gag reflex, as well as in certain other medical scenarios. the statement claiming their contraindication in such situations is not only inaccurate but contradicts the fundamental principles of airway management in emergency medical care.

Which of the following accessory muscles of ventilation would be used for exhalation?

Correct Answer:
abdominal muscles


the process of breathing involves two main phases: inhalation (breathing in) and exhalation (breathing out). while inhalation primarily uses the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles to expand the thoracic cavity and draw air into the lungs, exhalation involves reducing the volume of the thoracic cavity to expel air. this reduction in thoracic volume during exhalation can be either passive or active, depending on the breathing demands and physical activity.

in passive exhalation, which typically occurs during rest or light activities, the elasticity of the lungs and the thoracic cage allows them to recoil naturally back to their original volume after being stretched during inhalation. this natural recoil expels air without significant muscular effort.

however, during active exhalation, such as during vigorous exercise or when an individual has respiratory conditions that limit airway patency, additional muscles called accessory muscles of exhalation are engaged to help forcefully expel air from the lungs. among these accessory muscles, the abdominal muscles play a crucial role.

the abdominal muscles, particularly the rectus abdominis, obliques, and transversus abdominis, contract during active exhalation. this contraction increases intra-abdominal pressure, which pushes up against the diaphragm, forcing it to move higher into the thoracic cavity. as the diaphragm moves upward, it reduces the volume of the thoracic cavity, increasing the pressure inside the chest and pushing air out of the lungs more forcefully.

other muscles involved in active exhalation include the internal intercostal muscles. these muscles help in pulling the ribs downward and inward to further decrease the thoracic volume, aiding in the expulsion of air. however, it is the abdominal muscles that are primarily responsible for providing the force needed for active exhalation.

in the context of the question, while muscles like the scalene, sternocleidomastoid, and pectoralis minor are involved in the process of breathing, they primarily assist with inhalation by elevating the ribs or the sternum to increase thoracic volume. thus, for the specific task of exhalation, particularly during active exhalation, the abdominal muscles are the correct answer as they directly contribute to forcing the diaphragm up and reducing thoracic volume to expel air from the lungs.