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HESI Medical-Surgical (HesiMedSurg) Practice Tests & Test Prep by Exam Edge - Topics


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Understanding what is on the HESI Medical-Surgical exam is crucial step in preparing for the exam. You will need to have an understanding of the testing domain (topics covered) to be sure you are studing the correct information.

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There is no doubt that this is a strategic step in achieving certification and advancing your career.

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HESI Medical-Surgical Exam Blueprint

Understanding the exact breakdown of the HESI Medical-Surgical test will help you know what to expect and how to most effectively prepare. The HESI Medical-Surgical has multiple-choice questions The exam will be broken down into the sections below:

HESI Medical-Surgical Exam Blueprint
Domain Name % Number of
Questions
Diagnostic and patient monitoring function 24-26% 26
Administering/monitoring therapeutic interventions 24-26% 26
Helping role 16-18% 17
Teaching/coaching function 16-18% 17
Effective management of rapidly changing situations 9-11% 10
Monitoring and ensuring quality of health care practices 2-4% 2
Organizational and work-role competencies 2-4% 2

HESI Medical-Surgical - Exam Topics Sample Questions

The only cure for endometriosis is surgical removal of all the endometrial implants. This may be done by definitive surgery that involves which of the following?

Correct Answer:
removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and as many endometrial implants as possible
endometriosis is a chronic condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrial tissue) grows outside the uterus, often causing pain and sometimes infertility. the treatment options for endometriosis range from medication to surgery, depending on the severity of the symptoms and the patient's reproductive goals.

the question inquires about the definitive surgical treatment for endometriosis. definitive surgery is considered the most radical surgical option for endometriosis, especially in severe cases or when other treatments have failed and the patient does not wish to preserve fertility. this type of surgery typically involves the removal of the uterus (hysterectomy), the fallopian tubes (salpingectomy), and the ovaries (oophorectomy), along with as many endometrial implants as can be safely excised.

the rationale behind this approach is to remove the primary sources of estrogen production (the ovaries) and the major sites affected by endometrial implants (uterus and fallopian tubes). by doing so, it significantly reduces the hormonal support that feeds the growth of endometriosis, thereby alleviating the symptoms and preventing the further spread of endometrial-like tissue.

it's important to note that while definitive surgery aims to remove as much endometriosis as possible, it does not guarantee a cure since microscopic implants might still remain or recur. additionally, the removal of the ovaries leads to immediate menopause, which can have significant long-term health implications. therefore, this surgery is typically considered only after careful evaluation of all factors, including the patient's age, symptom severity, and desire for future fertility.

in conclusion, for the question posed, the correct answer would be the definitive surgery that involves the removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and as many endometrial implants as possible. this approach is intended to address extensive or severe endometriosis, particularly in patients who are not concerned about preserving their fertility or in whom other treatments have failed.

The Patient Self-Determination Act has three basic premises. Which of the following is NOT one of these premises?

Correct Answer:
patients know better than the caregiver what is necessary for their care and comfort.
the patient self-determination act (psda), enacted in 1990, centers on the rights of patients in healthcare settings, particularly regarding their ability to make informed choices about their own medical care. the act requires healthcare providers to inform patients of their rights under state law to make decisions about medical care, including the right to accept or refuse medical or surgical treatment and the right to prepare advance directives.

the three basic premises of the psda are as follows: 1. **informing patients of their rights:** healthcare providers must inform patients of their legal rights to make decisions about medical care and to formulate advance directives. this premise ensures that patients are aware of their ability to participate actively in their own healthcare decisions. 2. **facilitating advance directives:** the act encourages patients to consider and articulate their preferences regarding care, especially in situations where they might later be unable to make their decisions known. this can include living wills or appointing a healthcare proxy. 3. **compliance and documentation by healthcare providers:** healthcare facilities must comply with these regulations by providing necessary information to patients, documenting whether a patient has an advance directive, and ensuring that the patient’s wishes are respected, to the extent of their capabilities and the law.

the statement “patients know better than the caregiver what is necessary for their care and comfort” is **not** one of the premises of the psda. while this statement might capture a sentiment of respecting patient autonomy, it oversimplifies the relationship between patients and healthcare providers. the psda does not presume that patients have superior knowledge about medical treatments compared to healthcare professionals. rather, it ensures that patients are given the opportunity to make informed decisions based on their personal values and preferences, often in consultation with healthcare providers.

the psda is fundamentally about empowering patients to make informed choices, rather than suggesting that patients inherently know more about healthcare needs than professionals. it supports a collaborative approach where the medical knowledge of healthcare providers and the personal values and wishes of the patients are both respected, ensuring that care is tailored to the individual's desires within the framework of medical possibility and legality. this collaborative approach helps to ensure that the care provided aligns closely with the patient's values and wishes, which may include considerations of comfort, quality of life, and the burdens versus benefits of certain medical interventions.