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HESI Medical-Surgical (HesiMedSurg) Practice Tests & Test Prep by Exam Edge - Review


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HESI Medical-Surgical - Reviews


   Excellent
Based on 145 reviews

Jill


"Thank you for the exceptional HESI tests! I failed the HESI several times before I discovered your website. I took all your practice tests and this time I passed!!!"

Sharon


"I just took my Hesi exit PN today and got a Hesi score of 1205 and a conversion score of 99.99%. Thanks for the help. Doing all those tests helped so much. Not because I saw the same questions but because I learned so much from the answer reasoning section. Hope to fly through my boards in a couple weeks. Thanks again, it was money well spent."

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"I can't believe this website has no high following status. I bought 40 practice questions, and I did 20 practice questions and took my Hesi exit. I scored 1070. I completed all 40 practice exams and passed my boards for the first time. Exam Edge introduced me to a bunch of topics and boosted my confidence. They're rationales are so brief and straight to the point. They're not overwhelming. Thank you, Exam Edge team"



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See why our users from 154 countries love us for their exam prep! Including 145 reviews for the HESI Medical-Surgical exam.

Exam Edge is an industry leader in online test prep. We work with institutional partners to offer a wide array of practice tests that will help you prepare for your big exam. No matter how niche your field of interest might be, we're here to help you prepare for test day.

   Excellent -- Based on 145 reviews

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HESI Medical-Surgical - Test Reviews Sample Questions

You have a patient who has left-sided heart failure. This patient develops tachycardia and tachypnea, has a distended jugular vein, and has begun to cough up pink frothy sputum. You suspect which of the following conditions?





Correct Answer:
pulmonary edema
the correct answer to the question is pulmonary edema. let's expand on why this is the appropriate diagnosis given the symptoms described.

pulmonary edema refers to the accumulation of excess fluid in the alveoli (the air sacs) and the interstitial spaces of the lungs. this condition primarily stems from issues related to cardiac function, particularly conditions that affect the left side of the heart, such as left-sided heart failure. in left-sided heart failure, the heart's left ventricle loses its ability to pump blood effectively. this inefficiency leads to an increase in pressure in the left atrium and subsequently in the pulmonary veins and capillaries.

this increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation forces fluid out of the blood vessels and into the lung tissue and air sacs. when this fluid accumulates in the alveoli, it interferes with the normal gas exchange process, whereby oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide is removed. the presence of fluid in the alveoli manifests clinically as pulmonary edema.

the symptoms described in the question are classic indicators of pulmonary edema. tachycardia (increased heart rate) and tachypnea (rapid breathing) are compensatory responses by the body to maintain adequate oxygenation when the lungs' capacity to exchange gases is compromised. the distended jugular vein suggests an increased central venous pressure, commonly seen in heart conditions that affect the right side of the heart but can also be present in severe left-sided heart failure due to a backup of fluid.

one of the hallmark symptoms of pulmonary edema is the production of pink frothy sputum. this occurs as the fluid that has accumulated in the alveoli gets mixed with air and is expelled through coughing. the pink color is due to the presence of red blood cells that have leaked into the alveoli along with the fluid.

given these clinical manifestations—tachycardia, tachypnea, jugular vein distension, and pink frothy sputum in the context of known left-sided heart failure—pulmonary edema is the most likely diagnosis. this condition requires urgent medical attention to improve the heart's function and remove excess fluid from the lungs, often using medications that help strengthen heart contraction and diuretics to reduce fluid overload.

A patient will be informed to stop using aspirin or anticoagulants as part of which of the following?





Correct Answer:
preoperative instructions.


preoperative instructions are essential guidelines provided to a patient scheduled for surgery. these instructions are crucial for ensuring the safety and success of the procedure. one common directive within these preoperative instructions is for patients to stop taking certain medications that might increase surgical risks. among these medications are aspirin and anticoagulants.

aspirin and anticoagulants are known for their blood-thinning properties. aspirin inhibits platelets, which play a significant role in blood clotting. anticoagulants, such as warfarin, directly affect the clotting mechanism in the blood. while these medications are beneficial for preventing blood clots in patients at risk of strokes or heart attacks, their effects can be hazardous in a surgical context.

during surgery, the ability of blood to clot is vital. proper clotting helps reduce the risk of excessive bleeding both during and after the procedure. if a patient continues to take blood thinners, they may experience increased bleeding during surgery, which can lead to complications, prolonged operation times, and extended hospital stays. in severe cases, uncontrolled bleeding can be life-threatening.

therefore, the cessation of aspirin, anticoagulants, and similar medications is a standard part of preoperative instructions. the timing of when to stop these medications can vary depending on the type of drug and the individual's health condition. this decision is typically made by the surgeon or anesthesiologist in consultation with the patient's primary care physician or cardiologist, ensuring it's safe for the patient to pause these medications.

in conclusion, the directive to stop using aspirin and anticoagulants is an integral part of preoperative instructions aimed at minimizing surgical risks associated with bleeding. this ensures that the patient's surgical and recovery processes are as safe and effective as possible.