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HESI Maternity - Blogs Sample Questions

Which of the following statements about examination of the head, face, and neck of the newborn is least accurate?

Correct Answer:
scalp edema is a localized collection of blood under the dura mater.
to address the question regarding which statement about the examination of the head, face, and neck of the newborn is least accurate, we need to evaluate the correctness of each statement provided.

the first statement, "the palate should not be high-arched or clefted," is accurate. during the examination of a newborn, the palate should be inspected to ensure it is not clefted, as a cleft palate can lead to feeding problems, and potential issues with speech development and ear infections. a high-arched palate might also be noted as it can be associated with certain genetic conditions.

the statement, "scalp edema is a localized collection of blood under the dura mater," is inaccurate. scalp edema in newborns, also known as caput succedaneum, is actually an accumulation of serosanguineous fluid under the scalp's skin, above the periosteum. this condition is characterized by swelling that can cross suture lines because it is not confined by them.

on the other hand, cephalohematoma, which is often confused with scalp edema, is indeed a localized collection of blood, but it occurs between the skull periosteum and the bone, and therefore does not cross suture lines as the periosteum is attached to the sutures.

the next statement, "subconjunctival hemorrhages are a common finding as a result of the birth process," is accurate. these hemorrhages appear as red patches on the whites of the eyes and are caused by the rupture of small blood vessels during delivery. they are benign and usually resolve on their own without treatment.

lastly, "the naris is patent if there is air movement through it when the mouth and other naris are closed," is also accurate. this simple test checks for nasal patency, which is important to ensure that the newborn can breathe properly through each nostril, as newborns are primarily nasal breathers.

therefore, the least accurate statement among those provided is: "scalp edema is a localized collection of blood under the dura mater." this statement should describe scalp edema (caput succedaneum) as an accumulation of fluid under the skin of the scalp that crosses suture lines, distinct from cephalohematoma, which involves a collection of blood under the periosteum that is confined by suture lines.

About what percentage of fetal cardiac output is located in the placental circulation?

Correct Answer:
40%


the correct answer to the question about the percentage of fetal cardiac output located in the placental circulation is approximately 40%. this figure highlights the significant role that the placental circulation plays in the overall cardiovascular dynamics of the fetus.

fetal cardiac output refers to the amount of blood pumped by the fetal heart per unit time. the placenta, being the organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall, facilitates the exchange of nutrients, gases, and wastes between the mother and the fetus. to support these critical functions, a substantial proportion of the fetal cardiac output is directed towards the placenta.

the circulation of blood through the placenta is vital for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus and for the removal of carbon dioxide and other metabolic wastes from the fetal bloodstream. the fact that about 40% of the fetal cardiac output is dedicated to the placental circulation underscores the placenta's essential role in fetal development and survival.

the dependency of the fetus on placental function means that any changes in the maternal environment that affect the placenta can directly impact fetal well-being. for instance, maternal uterine contractions during labor can affect blood flow to the placenta. during the first and second stages of labor, these contractions can temporarily reduce placental blood flow, which may lead to transient changes in fetal circulation. this situation poses a potential risk for impaired fetal perfusion, meaning that the fetus might temporarily receive less blood flow than needed, potentially leading to hypoxia (a deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues).

understanding the percentage of fetal cardiac output directed towards the placenta is crucial for medical professionals to monitor and manage both maternal and fetal health during pregnancy, particularly in labor and delivery when fetal perfusion might be compromised. effective management of labor and immediate newborn care are essential to mitigate any adverse effects arising from these transient changes in fetal circulation.
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Additional Blogs for HESI - Health Education Systems, Inc dfgdfgdfg

In your journey to get HESI Maternity certified it is important for you to have all information related to your exam. So we have pulled together a list of additional blogs that may be of interest to you because that are all related to the Health Education Systems, Inc.

Exam Edge Blogs for HESI - Health Education Systems, Inc