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DOH EMT Basic (DOH-EMTBasic) Practice Tests & Test Prep by Exam Edge - Topics


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Understanding what is on the DOH EMT Basic exam is crucial step in preparing for the exam. You will need to have an understanding of the testing domain (topics covered) to be sure you are studing the correct information.

  • Directs your study efforts toward the most relevant areas.
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There is no doubt that this is a strategic step in achieving certification and advancing your career.

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DOH EMT Basic Exam Blueprint

Understanding the exact breakdown of the DOH EMT Basic test will help you know what to expect and how to most effectively prepare. The DOH EMT Basic has multiple-choice questions The exam will be broken down into the sections below:

DOH EMT Basic Exam Blueprint
Domain Name % Number of
Questions
Airway, Respiration & Ventilation 17-21% 17
Cardiology & Resuscitation 16-20% 16
Trauma 19-23% 19
Medical/Obstetrics/Gyn 27-31% 27
EMS Ops 11-15% 11

DOH EMT Basic - Exam Topics Sample Questions

The infant’s head is disproportionately large, making up about what percent of the body weight?



Correct Answer:
25%


in infants, the head is disproportionately large compared to the rest of the body. specifically, the head makes up about 25% of the total body weight. this is in stark contrast to adults, where the head only accounts for about 6% of the body weight. the reason for this disproportion lies in the developmental needs of the brain. during infancy, a significant amount of growth and development occurs in the brain, necessitating a larger head to accommodate this vital organ.

furthermore, the physical structure supporting the infant's head is not yet fully developed. the neck muscles are weak, and the bones in the skull have not completely hardened. in infants, the skull bones are separated by soft spots known as fontanels. these fontanels are flexible, allowing the skull to deform during birth and enabling rapid brain growth in the early months of life. however, this flexibility also means that the infant's brain is less protected compared to an older child or adult, whose skull bones have fused and hardened.

this disproportionate size and the structural characteristics of the infant's head necessitate careful handling to support the head and neck adequately, thereby protecting the brain during this critical period of growth. the large head relative to body size gradually becomes more proportionate as the child grows and the rest of the body catches up in development.

Which of the following stages of shock would be characterized by diffuse fibrin formation, exhaustion of clotting factors and injury to the vascular endothelium, triggering the intrinsic pathway?



Correct Answer:
refractory shock


the correct answer to the question is "refractory shock." the description provided in the question—diffuse fibrin formation, exhaustion of clotting factors, and injury to the vascular endothelium—points to a severe systemic reaction known as disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (dic). dic is a critical condition that can occur during the refractory stage of shock, a phase where the body's compensatory mechanisms to maintain blood flow and oxygenation fail, leading to multiple organ dysfunction.

to understand why refractory shock is associated with these symptoms, it's essential to explore the stages of shock. shock is a life-threatening medical condition that occurs when the body is not getting enough blood flow, which can lead to cellular dysfunction and organ failure. shock can progress through several stages: 1. **initial shock:** the early phase where the body begins to display signs of circulatory disturbance, yet compensatory mechanisms (like increased heart rate and vasoconstriction) help maintain sufficient blood flow and blood pressure. 2. **compensatory shock:** in this stage, the body's adaptive mechanisms are fully engaged to maintain perfusion to vital organs. symptoms might include rapid breathing, pallor, and confusion, but blood pressure can still be maintained within a normal range. 3. **progressive shock:** if the underlying cause of shock is not corrected, the compensatory mechanisms start to fail. this leads to a worsening of symptoms, and the beginning of actual organ damage due to reduced perfusion and oxygenation. 4. **refractory shock:** this is the final and most severe stage. at this point, the body's compensatory mechanisms have been overwhelmed. despite medical interventions, blood pressure and blood flow cannot be adequately maintained, leading to severe systemic effects, including dic.

in refractory shock, the injury to the vascular endothelium triggers the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade. this can lead to widespread activation of clotting throughout the body, using up clotting factors and platelets, which results in diffuse fibrin formation. the widespread formation of microthrombi (small clots within blood vessels) contributes to organ damage and further exacerbates the shock state. the exhaustion of clotting factors can also lead to paradoxical bleeding, as the body is unable to properly form clots where needed.

thus, the presence of diffuse fibrin formation, exhaustion of clotting factors, and injury to the vascular endothelium, particularly triggering the intrinsic coagulation pathway, is highly characteristic of refractory shock and its associated complication of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (dic). prompt recognition and aggressive management are crucial in this stage to mitigate the severe outcomes associated with refractory shock and dic.