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DHA Phlebotomist (DHA-Phleb) Practice Tests & Test Prep - Topics


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Understanding what is on the DHA Phlebotomist exam is crucial step in preparing for the exam. You will need to have an understanding of the testing domain (topics covered) to be sure you are studing the correct information.

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DHA Phlebotomist Exam Blueprint

Understanding the exact breakdown of the DHA Phlebotomist test will help you know what to expect and how to most effectively prepare. The DHA Phlebotomist has 70 multiple-choice questions The exam will be broken down into the sections below:

DHA Phlebotomist Exam Blueprint
Domain Name % Number of
Questions
Obtaining Blood Samples 41.5% 29
Specimen Collection and Processing 15.5% 11
Time Management and Assignment Organization 8% 6
Professional Communications 5.5% 4
Clerical Skills and Duties 4.5% 3
Safety Standards and Procedures 10% 7
Legal, Ethical, and Professional Considerations 6% 4
Terminology, Anatomy, and Physiology 9% 6

DHA Phlebotomist - Exam Topics Sample Questions

If none of the veins of the antecubital area on one arm are accessible, which of the following locations should the phlebotomist try next?

Correct Answer:
the median vein of the other arm.


when performing venipuncture, the antecubital area of the arm is often the first choice due to its accessibility and the presence of large veins. these veins typically include the median cubital vein, which is most commonly used because of its size and central location, making it less likely to roll during the procedure. the cephalic and basilic veins are also used but can be more challenging because of their position and tendency to move.

if the veins in the antecubital area of one arm are not accessible, either due to medical conditions like thrombosis, scarring, or dehydration, or because the patient has a history of difficult venipunctures, the phlebotomist should then consider other viable sites. the next best option, according to standard medical practice, is to attempt venipuncture in the antecubital area of the other arm. this approach assumes that the opposite arm might present better conditions for venipuncture, such as more visible or palpable veins.

beginning with the median vein in the antecubital area of the other arm is recommended. the median vein is generally larger and more stable, which can help in achieving a successful blood draw. if this vein proves difficult, the phlebotomist can systematically assess and possibly use the other veins in the antecubital area of that arm, such as the cephalic or basilic veins.

if both arms are unsuitable for venipuncture, alternative sites must be considered. one common alternative is the dorsal side of the hand, where veins are usually more superficial and can be easier to access. however, this site can be more sensitive and may pose a higher risk of complications, such as nerve injury or excessive bruising. it's also important to note that hand veins are generally smaller and may not provide as quick of a blood flow as arm veins, which can affect the quality of some blood tests.

another less common alternative is the dorsal side of the foot. however, this site is generally avoided unless absolutely necessary because of the higher risk of infection and the discomfort associated with venipuncture in this area.

in conclusion, if the antecubital veins of one arm are inaccessible, the phlebotomist should attempt to use the median vein in the antecubital area of the other arm. this site is usually the next best option for accessibility and ease of venipuncture. if this is also not viable, then the dorsal side of the hand or other alternative sites should be considered, keeping in mind the patient's comfort and the potential risks associated with these sites.

A specimen which is to undergo HLA typing must be placed in a tube which contains which of the following additives?

Correct Answer:
acid citrate dextrose.


human leukocyte antigen (hla) typing is a critical test used in various medical scenarios including organ transplantation, disease association studies, and for understanding the genetic makeup of an individual’s immune system. the accuracy and viability of the cells or tissues used in hla typing are paramount, hence the need for specific preservatives during specimen collection.

among the additives listed—sodium polyanethol sulfonate, acid citrate dextrose, sodium citrate, and lithium heparin—the correct choice for hla typing is acid citrate dextrose (acd). this additive is essential for preserving the integrity and functionality of the white blood cells (leukocytes) present in the specimen. acd acts by stabilizing the cellular components and preventing coagulation, which is crucial for the viability of the cells during the hla typing process.

acid citrate dextrose achieves this by chelating (binding) calcium ions in the blood, thereby inhibiting the blood clotting cascade that would otherwise lead to cell damage and death. this helps in maintaining the cells in a state close to their natural form, which is necessary for accurate antigen and gene identification during hla typing.

tubes containing acd typically have yellow tops, which help in easy identification and reduce the risk of using the wrong additive, which could compromise the test results. it’s important to use the correct tube and additive to ensure that the specimen remains viable and that the results of the hla typing are accurate and reliable.