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NES Biology (305) Practice Tests & Test Prep by Exam Edge - Topics



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Understanding what is on the NES Biology exam is crucial step in preparing for the exam. You will need to have an understanding of the testing domain (topics covered) to be sure you are studying the correct information.

  • Directs your study efforts toward the most relevant areas.
  • Ensures efficient and adequate preparation.
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  • Allows for a focused approach to address gaps in understanding.
  • Aligns your preparation with the exam's expectations.
  • Increases the likelihood of success.
  • Keeps you informed about your field's current demands and standards.
There is no doubt that this is a strategic step in achieving certification and advancing your career.

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NES Biology Exam Blueprint

Understanding the exact breakdown of the NES Biology test will help you know what to expect and how to most effectively prepare. The NES Biology has 150 multiple-choice questions The exam will be broken down into the sections below:

NES Biology Exam Blueprint
Domain Name % Number of
Questions
Nature of Science 20% 30
Biochemistry and Cell Biology 13% 20
Genetics and Evolution 27% 41
Biological Unity and Diversity 20% 30
Ecology and Environment 20% 30

NES Biology - Exam Topics Sample Questions

 A prokaryotic cell is being examined and the biologist discovers there is NO peptidoglycan in the cell wall. Which of the following statements is true about the cell being examined?

Correct Answer:
 it is archaea.


when examining a prokaryotic cell that lacks peptidoglycan in its cell wall, it is most likely that the cell belongs to the domain archaea. this conclusion is drawn based on the composition of cellular structures that distinguish different types of prokaryotic organisms.

prokaryotic organisms are primarily categorized into two domains: bacteria and archaea. a key difference between these two groups lies in the composition of their cell walls. the cell walls of bacteria are primarily composed of a carbohydrate-protein complex called peptidoglycan. this complex provides structural support and protection, and its presence is one of the defining features of bacterial cells.

in contrast, archaea are prokaryotic organisms that do not contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls. instead, the cell walls of archaeal cells are composed of other compounds, such as pseudopeptidoglycan (also known as pseudomurein), which is chemically distinct from peptidoglycan, or they may contain proteins or glycoproteins. this fundamental difference in cell wall composition is a critical characteristic used to differentiate archaeans from bacteria.

therefore, if a prokaryotic cell is found to lack peptidoglycan, it cannot be a bacterium since the absence of peptidoglycan contradicts one of the typical characteristics of bacterial cells. instead, the cell is likely to be an archaeon, which aligns with the known properties of archaeal cell walls.

other options such as viruses or fungi are incorrect because viruses, which are not considered prokaryotic or even true cells, lack any cell wall, and fungi, which are eukaryotic organisms, have cell walls typically made of chitin, not peptidoglycan or its variants. this further supports the identification of the cell as an archaeon when peptidoglycan is absent from the cell wall.