Correct Answer: cleaning.
the correct answer to the question of what it is called when a dental assistant is removing microbes from instruments but not killing them is "cleaning." cleaning refers to the process of physically removing dirt, debris, and some of the microbes from surfaces or objects. this process does not necessarily kill the microbes but reduces their number by removing them. this is achieved through the use of water, detergents, and mechanical action.
in contrast, "disinfecting" refers to the use of chemical agents specifically designed to destroy or deactivate most of the pathogenic microorganisms on a surface, making it safe to handle. however, disinfection does not necessarily achieve the same level of cleanliness as sterilization, which is the complete elimination of all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, spores, and fungi.
"sterilizing" is a term used for processes that completely destroy all forms of microbial life. common methods of sterilization include autoclaving (using pressurized steam), dry heat, chemical sterilants, and radiation. this level of microbial control is required for surgical instruments and materials that enter sterile areas of the body.
therefore, since the question specifies that microbes are being removed but not killed, the appropriate term is "cleaning." this is distinct from disinfecting and sterilizing, both of which involve reducing or eliminating microbial life to a greater extent than mere cleaning.
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