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Canadian Medical-Surgical Nursing Examination - Blogs Sample Questions

What is the function of coagulation Factor Protein C?

Correct Answer:
"inactivates va and viiia."


protein c plays a critical role in the regulation of blood coagulation, an essential process that prevents excessive bleeding when blood vessels are injured. specifically, protein c functions to limit the extent of blood clot formation through its action on coagulation factors va and viiia. once activated, protein c, often abbreviated as apc (activated protein c), targets and inactivates these two factors, which are crucial components in the clotting cascade.

factor va and factor viiia are pro-coagulant proteins that significantly amplify the production of thrombin, the enzyme responsible for converting fibrinogen to fibrin, ultimately leading to clot formation. by inactivating factors va and viiia, activated protein c reduces the amount of thrombin produced. this action serves to balance clot formation, ensuring that clots form sufficiently to stop bleeding but not excessively, which could lead to harmful thrombosis.

the activation of protein c itself is facilitated by thrombin, which forms a complex with another protein called thrombomodulin on the surface of endothelial cells (the cells lining the blood vessels). this interaction not only activates protein c but also changes the activity of thrombin from a pro-coagulant to an anticoagulant role.

protein s, another critical component of the coagulation system, serves as a cofactor for activated protein c. it enhances the efficiency with which apc inactivates factors va and viiia. however, the activity of protein s can be moderated by its binding to c4b-binding protein, which renders it inactive and thus influences the effectiveness of the anticoagulant pathway mediated by protein c.

through this finely tuned interplay of activation and inhibition, protein c and its cofactor, protein s, help maintain the delicate balance between clot formation and dissolution, crucial for preventing both excessive bleeding and dangerous clotting. this mechanism underscores the sophisticated nature of the body's regulation of hemostasis (the cessation of bleeding), highlighting the importance of each component in the coagulation cascade.

A diabetic patient comes into the ER and complains of dizziness, nausea and headaches. He says he is unsure if he took the correct dose of insulin after dinner. What does the nurse suspect could be causing the problems?

Correct Answer:
a drop in the patient's glucose levels.


the nurse suspects that the diabetic patient's symptoms of dizziness, nausea, and headaches could be due to a drop in the patient's glucose levels, potentially caused by an incorrect dose of insulin. this condition is known as hypoglycemia, which is when the blood glucose levels fall below the normal range.

normal glucose levels typically range from 70 to 100 mg/dl after fasting. if a patient's glucose levels drop below this range, they may experience symptoms like dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting. these symptoms are particularly concerning if they occur after a meal, which normally would raise blood glucose levels.

in this scenario, if the patient is unsure whether he took the correct dose of insulin after dinner, there is a possibility that he may have administered too much insulin. excess insulin in the bloodstream can cause the body's glucose levels to drop too low, leading to the symptoms the patient is experiencing.

therefore, the nurse would likely prioritize checking the patient's current blood glucose level. based on the results, the nurse can determine whether immediate interventions are required to stabilize the patient's glucose levels, such as administering glucose orally or intravenously if needed. this approach helps to ensure that the patient's blood glucose levels return to and maintain within a safe and normal range.

Additional Blogs for Canadian Nursing - Canadian Nursing dfgdfgdfg

In your journey to get Canadian Medical-Surgical Nursing Examination certified it is important for you to have all information related to your exam. So we have pulled together a list of additional blogs that may be of interest to you because that are all related to the Canadian Nursing.

Exam Edge Blogs for Canadian Nursing - Canadian Nursing